Each GET request then executes a Java code resembling the example below, wherein the final segment setPattern would be unique for each call (such as setPattern, setSuffix, setDirectory, and others): The .jsp file now contains a payload with a password-protected web shell with the following format: The attacker can then use HTTP requests to execute commands. Were also excited to announce that Microsoft Intune is now the new name for our expanding family of endpoint management products. *), as stated previously. Welcome back to the Bug Report, dont-stub-your-toe edition! In this case, the same ransom payload was observed at multiple victims. Cloud-native network security for protecting your applications, network, and workloads. While there were no observed direct relationships between the threat actors responsible for the destructive attack and these messaging actors, their actions raise questions worthy of further examination. Notably, however, researchers found that the hacks closely mirrored earlier attacks by a Russian government-linked cyber team that had disrupted Ukraine government agencies. Once it successfully creates its own process with TrustedInstaller privilege, it proceeds to disable Defender components. Microsofts continued monitoring of the threat landscape has not indicated a significant increase in quantity of attacks or new campaigns at this time. These generic web shells provided the ability to upload files, download files, delete files, rename, execute commands with an option to run as specific user. Add the following global class into the package where the Controller is located. For CVE-2022-22965, the attempts closely align with the basic web shell POC described in this post. For more hands-on assistance, customers also can now get expert guidance and accelerate their migration to Microsoft Sentinel with Microsoft Sentinel Migration and Modernization Program. The attacker can then change the default access logs to a file of their choosing. At Microsoft, despite the evolving challenges in the cyber landscape, the Azure DDoS Protection team was able to successfully mitigate some of the largest DDoS attacks ever, both in Azure and in the course of history. In Java Development Kit (JDK) version 9.0 or later, a remote attacker can obtain an AccessLogValve object through the frameworks parameter binding feature and use malicious field values to trigger the pipeline mechanism and write to a file in an arbitrary path, if certain conditions are met. Applications may be deployed without first addressing security in code. Note however that these alerts are not indicative of threats unique to the campaign or actor groups described in this report. Microsoft was among the companies participating in the conference, which was from August 6 to 11, 2022, in Las Vegas, Nevada. During this session, the threat actor dumps credentials by leveraging the open-source application Mimikatz. Today, we released a report detailing the relentless and destructive Russian cyberattacks weve observed in a hybrid war against Ukraine, and what weve done to help protect Ukrainian people and organizations. We are continuing the investigation and will share significant updates with affected customers, as well as public and private sector partners, as get more information. To do this, it starts the service SeDebugPrivilege and SeImpersonatePrivilege to assign privileges to itself. The ApplicationImpersonation management role enables applications to impersonate users in an organization to perform tasks on behalf of the user, providing the ability for the application to act as the owner of a mailbox. To locate possible threat actor activity mentioned in this blog post, Microsoft 365 Defender customers can use the queries detailed below: The following query can locate activity possibly associated with the EUROPIUM threat actor. We are introducing the preview of automatic attack disruption in Microsoft 365 Defender, which helps protect organizations at machine speed where it all comes togetherin the security operations center (SOC). For example, when receiving a request with GET params coordinates.longitude=123&coordinate.latitude=456 Spring would try and set those values in the coordinates member of location, before handing over control to handleWeatherRequest. Today, Microsoft is announcing that we have entered into an agreement to acquire Miburo, a cyber threat analysis and research company specializing in the detection of and response to foreign information operations.. Microsoft detects and helps customers defend against cyber threats Starting on November 1, 2022, we are giving new and existing customers 50 percent off Microsoft Defender for Endpoint P1 and P2 licenses. Microsofts Security Experts share what to ask before, during, and after one to secure identity, access control, and communications. The malware in this case overwrites the MBR with no mechanism for recovery. Microsoft coined the term human-operated ransomware to clearly define a class of attack driven by expert human intelligence at every step of the attack chain and culminate in intentional business disruption and extortion. Distribution of the encryption and wiping binaries was accomplished with two methods via a custom SMB remote file copy tool Mellona.exe, originally named MassExecuter.exe. Hacker House co-founder and Chief Executive Officer Matthew Hickey offers recommendations for how organizations can build security controls and budget. The SpringShell vulnerability directly relates to the process Spring uses to populate these fields. In this blog, we explain the ransomware as a service (RaaS) affiliate model and disambiguate between the attacker tools and the various threat CVE-2022-22965 affects functions that use request mapping annotation and Plain Old Java Object (POJO) parameters within the Spring Framework. The techniques used by the actor and described in the this post can be mitigated by adopting the security considerations provided below: The following list provides IOCs observed during our investigation. In this review, we share trends and insights into DDoS attacks we observed and mitigated throughout the second half of 2021. For more information about Managed Rules and OWASP Core Rule Set (CRS) on Azure Application Gateway, see the Web Application Firewall CRS rule groups and rules documentation. We believe its important to share this information so that policymakers and the public around the world know whats occurring, and so others in the security community can continue to identify and defend against this activity. Actors engaging in these attacks are using a variety of techniques to gain initial access to their targets including phishing, use of unpatched vulnerabilities and compromising upstream IT service providers. A few days after the planned Free Iran World Summit, Iranian official press issued an editorial calling for military action against the MEK in Albania. Enabling DDoS Protection Standard on a virtual network will protect the Azure Firewall and any publicly exposed endpoints that reside within the virtual network. Use this query to identify vulnerabilities in installed software on devices, surface file-level findings from the disk, and provide the ability to correlate them with additional context in advanced hunting. The market will reach USD261.9 billion in 2026, with a constant currency growth of 11.1 percent (2021 to 2026).1 And though spending is increasing, cybercriminals arent going to slow down their attacks. Get fully managed, single tenancy supercomputers with high-performance storage and no data movement. Alerts with the following titles may indicate post-exploitation threat activity related to MERCURY activity described in this blog and should be immediately investigated and remediated. ?\PHYSICALDRIVE0) with the wp parameter, passes it to the below function including GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE access value and a hexadecimal value B4B615C28CCD059CF8ED1ABF1C71FE03C0354522990AF63ADF3C911E2287A4B906D47D. Attack breakdown. Customers using Azure Firewall Standard can migrate to Premium by following these directions. Impacted systems have the following traits: Any system using JDK 9.0 or later and using the Spring Framework or derivative frameworks should be considered vulnerable. The attackers targeted a wide range of systems within an hour on Tuesday, Microsoft said, adding that it hadn't been able to link the attacks to any known group yet. Once the web shell is dropped on the server, the attacker can execute commands on the server as Tomcat. To prevent this, companies must make sure their sensitive data isnt being inappropriately sharedor even removedby employees, unintentionally or not. The vulnerability rulesets are continuously updated and include vulnerability protection for SpringShell since March 31, 2022. Analysis identified the use of vulnerabilities to implant web shells for persistence, reconnaissance actions, common credential harvesting techniques, defense evasion methods to disable security products, and a final attempt of actions on objective deploying encryption and wiping binaries. In the case of the Tomcat web server, the vulnerability allowed for that manipulation of the access log to be placed in an arbitrary path with somewhat arbitrary contents. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint customers can turn on the following attack surface reduction rule to block or audit some observed activity associated with this threat: Alerts that indicate threat activity related to the exploitation of the Log4j 2 exploitation should be immediately investigated and remediated. Spring allows developers to map HTTP requests to Java handler methods. Uncover adversaries with new Microsoft Defender threat intelligence products. Attackers typically install a backdoor that The AccessLogValve is referenced using the class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first parameter prefix. Once an attack is detected in the environment, affected assets like compromised identities and endpoints are automatically isolated. DDoS Protection best practices. | Use the included indicators of compromise to investigate whether they exist in your environment and assess for potential intrusion. The techniques used by the actor and described in the Observed actor activity section can be mitigated by adopting the security considerations provided below: The table below shows IOCs observed during our investigation. Adding the leveraged tools in the startup folders and ASEP registry keys, ensuring their persistence upon device reboot. 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Microsoft is aware of the ongoing geopolitical events in Ukraine and surrounding region and encourages organizations to use the information in this post to proactively protect from any malicious activity. For more information about Managed Rules and Default Rule Set (DRS) on Azure Front Door, see the Web Application Firewall DRS rule groups and rules documentation. A global wave of cyberattacks and data breaches began in January 2021 after four zero-day exploits were discovered in on-premises Microsoft Exchange Servers, giving attackers full access to user emails and passwords on affected servers, administrator privileges on the server, and access to connected devices on the same network. Before and after the Homeland Justice messaging campaign was launched, social media persona accounts and a group of real-life Iranian and Albanian nationals known for their pro-Iran, anti-MEK views, promoted the campaigns general talking points and amplified the leaks published by the Homeland Justice accounts online. Attack vectors were UDP reflection on port 80 using Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP), Connection-less Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (CLDAP), Domain Name System (DNS), and Network Time Protocol (NTP) comprising one single peak, and the overall attack lasted approximately 15 minutes. One was a 3.25 Tbps UDP attack in Asia on ports 80 and 443, spanning more than 15 minutes with four main peaks, the first at 3.25 Tbps, the second at 2.54 Tbps, the third at 0.59 Tbps, and the fourth at 1.25 Tbps. The message in the ransom image indicates that the MEK, a long-standing adversary of the Iranian regime, was the primary target behind their attack on the Albanian government. SANS 2022 Security Awareness Report Security starts with awareness. The working directory has varied in observed intrusions. Note that this tool was reportedly used by actors affiliated with MOIS. A phishing campaign targeted the Jordan Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Azure DDoS Rapid Response. Providing advanced protection against increasingly sophisticated human-operated ransomware, Microsoft Defender for Endpoints network protection leverages threat intelligence and machine learning to block command-and-control (C2) communications. There are several reasons why this activity is inconsistent with cybercriminal ransomware activity observed by MSTIC, including: Microsoft will continue to monitor DEV-0586 activity and implement protections for our customers. What exists is a cybercriminal economy where different players in commoditized attack chains make deliberate choices. WAF rules on Azure Front Door are disabled by default on existing Microsoft managed rule sets. In April 2022, we announced a plan to launch a series of premium endpoint management solutions to help bolster endpoint security, improve user experiences, and reduce the total cost of ownership. If you have PaaS web application services running on Azure App Service or Azure SQL Database, you can host your application behind an Application Gateway and WAF and enable DDoS Protection Standard on the virtual network which contains the Application Gateway and WAF. Multi-vector attacks continue to remain prevalent. The derived key is then encrypted with Public key hardcoded in the file. Example Impacket command line showing the execution of the destructive malware. In the above example, Spring will instantiate a Location object, initialize its fields according to the HTTP requests parameters, and pass it on to handleWeatherRequest. Thisalong with infrastructure as code and the rise in apps and cloudshave made organizations increasingly dynamic, so they need to build a trust fabric in their organizations that includes flexible governance without sacrificing protection. Save money and improve efficiency by migrating and modernizing your workloads to Azure with proven tools and guidance. To elevate the privilege, the binary checks if the TrustedInstaller service is enabled. Run your mission-critical applications on Azure for increased operational agility and security. Exploiting SysAid successfully enables the threat actor to drop and leverage web shells to execute several commands, as listed below. Once it meets the criteria, a DEV is converted to a named actor or merged with existing actors. The 2022 RSA Conference was a great success, drawing 26,000 attendees to three days of cutting-edge security sessions, tutorials, seminars, and special events at Moscone Center in San Francisco. Customers using Azure Firewall Premium have enhanced protection from the SpringShell CVE-2022-22965 vulnerability and exploits. Computing giant Microsoft is no stranger to cyberattacks, and on March 20th 2022 the firm was targeted by a hacking collective called Lapsus$ (opens in new tab). An overwhelming majority were UDP spoof floods, while a small portion were UDP reflection and amplification attacks, mostly SSDP, Memcached, and NTP. During this event, we quickly mobilized our Detection and Response Team (DART) to help the Albanian government rapidly recover from this cyber-attack. The messaging and target selection indicate Tehran likely used the attacks as retaliation for cyberattacks Iran perceives were carried out by Israel and the Mujahedin-e Khalq (MEK), an Iranian dissident group largely based in Albania that seeks to overthrow the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Module object contains a getClassLoader() accessor. Cloud-based machine learning protections block most new and unknown threats. This suggests the Iranian government chose those targets to signal the cyberattacks as a form of direct and proportional retaliation, a common tactic of the regime. This solution can be tuned to the specific shape of the traffic and can mitigate attacks instantaneously without impacting the availability or performance of highly latency-sensitive applications. Detections for the IOCs listed above are listed below: Microsoft Defender for Endpoint customers should monitor the alert Mercury Actor activity detected for possible presence of the indicators of compromise listed above. Customers with existing Microsoft 365 E5 licenses already have access to many of these resourcesits simply a matter of turning them on. The messaging, timing, and target selection of the cyberattacks bolstered our confidence that the attackers were acting on behalf of the Iranian government. During the October-to-December holiday season, we defended against new TCP PUSH-ACK flood attacks that were dominant in the East Asia region, namely in Hong Kong, South Korea, and Japan. Hacker House co-founder and Chief Executive Officer Matthew Hickey offers recommendations for how organizations can build security controls and budget. Azure Web Application Firewall (WAF) customers with Azure Front Door and Azure Application Gateway deployments now have enhanced protection for the SpringShell exploit CVE-2022-22965, and other high impact Spring vulnerabilities CVE-2022-22963 and CVE-2022-22947. In these cases, our customers do not have to worry about how to protect their workloads in Azure, as opposed to running them on-premises. In the example below, each GET parameter is set as a Java object property. Since then, we have mitigated three larger attacks. Ahead of the cyberattack, on June 6, Ebrahim Khodabandeh, a disaffected former MEK member posted an open letter addressed to Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama warning of the consequences of escalating tensions with Iran. Tags: cyberattacks, cybersecurity, Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center, Russia, Ukraine, Apr 7, 2022 Ransomware payloads are typically customized per victim. Help safeguard physical work environments with scalable IoT solutions designed for rapid deployment. We track them separately based on unique sets of tools and/or TTPs; however, some of them may work for the same unit. Thats why we are excited to announce a new, limited-time offer to help organizations adapt more easily to the growing threat landscape and macroeconomic pressures. Overwriting the MBR is atypical for cybercriminal ransomware. This game-changing capability limits lateral movement and reduces the overall impact of an attack while leaving the SOC team in control of investigating, remediating, and bringing assets back online. The attackers logo is an eagle preying on the symbol of the hacking group Predatory Sparrow inside the Star of David (Figure 4). Block in-bound traffic from IPs specified in the indicators of compromise table. Microsoft will continue to partner with Albania to manage cybersecurity risks while continuing to enhance protections from malicious attackers. This blog showcases the investigation, Microsofts process in attributing the related actors and the observed tactics and techniques observed by DART and the Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC) to help customers and the security ecosystem defend from similar attacks in the future. We saw more attacks in Q3 than in Q4, with the most occurring in August, which may indicate a shift towards attackers acting all year roundno longer is holiday season the proverbial DDoS season! Steps 8, 9, and 10 have updated images. Have the latest posts sent right to your inbox. Customers should review and use one of these options: If Location had a sub-object named coordinates, which contained longitude and latitude parameters, then Spring would try and initialize them out of the parameters of an incoming request. As the world moves towards a new era of digitalization with the expansion of 5G and IoT, and with more industries embracing online strategies, the increased online global footprint means that the threat of cyberattacks will continue to grow. Strings are encrypted with RC4 Algorithm with key 8ce4b16b22b58894aa86c421e8759df3. We can help you educate your employees by providing access to free online security training during Cybersecurity Awareness Month. This string of events suggests there may have been a whole-of-government Iranian effort to counter the MEK from Irans Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to intelligence agencies, to official press outlets. April 11, 2022 update Azure Web Application Firewall (WAF) customers with Regional WAF with Azure Application Gateway now has enhanced protection for critical Spring vulnerabilities CVE-2022-22963, CVE-2022-22965, and CVE-2022-22947. May 2022. GARTNER is a registered trademark and service mark of Gartner, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and internationally and is used herein with permission. As technology evolves, we track new threats and provide analysis to help CISOs and security professionals. User spending for the information security and risk management market will grow to USD169.2 billion in 2022, with a constant currency growth of 12.3 percent. cmd.exe /C powershell -exec bypass -w 1 -enc UwB. After gaining access, MERCURY establishes persistence, dumps credentials, and moves laterally within the targeted organization using both custom and well-known hacking tools, as well as built-in operating system tools for its hands-on-keyboard attack. 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This highlights the importance of DDoS protection all year round, and not just during peak traffic seasons. | Explicit payment amounts and cryptocurrency wallet addresses are rarely specified in modern criminal ransom notes, but were specified by DEV-0586. Licensing terms will be announced with the general availability of Lifecycle Workflows. The vulnerability in Spring Corereferred to in the security community as SpringShell or Spring4Shellcan be exploited when an attacker sends a specially crafted query to a web server running the Spring Core framework. The current detections, advanced detections, and IOCs in place across our security products are detailed below. We observed MERCURY further using its foothold to compromise other devices within the target organizations by leveraging several methods, such as: Most of the commands launched are meant to install tools on targets or perform reconnaissance to find domain administrator accounts. We have also observed limited espionage attack activity involving NATO member states, and some disinformation activity. Today, Microsoft is announcing that we have entered into an agreement to acquire Miburo, a cyber threat analysis and research company specializing in the detection of and response to foreign information operations.. Microsoft detects and helps customers defend against cyber threats Enhanced security and hybrid capabilities for your mission-critical Linux workloads. There exists some additional evidence that the role of these personas extended beyond mere social media amplification and into content production. The code used in this attack had the following properties: Embedded in the cl.exe wiper was the hex-string B4B615C28CCD059CF8ED1ABF1C71FE03C0354522990AF63ADF3C911E2287A4B906D47D, which was the same license key used for the EldoS RawDisk driver of the ZeroCleare wiper documented by IBM X-Force in 2019. Get started today with the preview of these new innovations, available in the Microsoft Defender for Cloud dashboard, to gain comprehensive protection across clouds. September 28, 2022. At the same time, and in addition to the destructive cyberattack, MSTIC assesses that a separate Iranian state-sponsored actor leaked sensitive information that had been exfiltrated months earlier. The destructive attacks have also been accompanied by broad espionage and intelligence activities. One of your biggest investments is your people. Consider the story of Webber Wentzel, a leading law firm in South Africa. The ransom note contains a Bitcoin wallet and Tox ID (a unique account identifier used in the Tox encrypted messaging protocol) that have not been previously observed by MSTIC: The malware executes when the associated device is powered down. At the time of the attacks and our engagement by the Albanian government, Microsoft publicly stated that Microsoft is committed to helping our customers be secure while achieving more. Notably, our report attributes wiper malware attacks we previously disclosed to a Russian nation-state actor we call Iridium. The majority of attacks on the gaming industry have been mutations of the Mirai botnet and low-volume UDP protocol attacks. Our vision is to protect all internet-facing workloads in Azure, against all known DDoS attacks across all levels of the network stack. Its important to note that for longer attacks, each attack is typically experienced by customers as a sequence of multiple short, repeated burst attacks. Building secure apps is just the start. To help detect and mitigate these critical Spring vulnerabilities, we have released four new rules. Predatory Sparrow forewarned about the attack hours ahead of time and claimed they supported and paid for it, indicating others were involved. Azure WAF has updated Default Rule Set (DRS) versions 2.0/1.1/1.0. Bring innovation anywhere to your hybrid environment across on-premises, multicloud, and the edge. Minimize disruption to your business with cost-effective backup and disaster recovery solutions. According to the US Cyber Command, MuddyWater, a group we track as MERCURY, is a subordinate element within the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and Security.. [04/05/2022] We added Microsoft Sentinel hunting queries to look for SpringShell exploitation activity. Researchers attributed the attack to an Iranian cyber espionage actor. Given Russian threat actors have been mirroring and augmenting military actions, we believe cyberattacks will continue to escalate as the conflict rages. Multiple other binaries with this same digital certificate were previously seen on files with links to Iran, including a known DEV-0861 victim in Saudi Arabia in June 2021: Its not clear if Read.exe was dropped by DEV-0861 on this Saudi victim or if DEV-0861 also handed off access to the Saudi victim to DEV-0842. Then recompile and test the project for functionality: Suspicious process executed by a network service. We encourage our customers to investigate these indicators in their environments and implement detections and protections to identify past related activity and prevent future attacks against their systems. Based on observations from past campaigns and vulnerabilities found in target environments, Microsoft assess that the exploits used were most likely related to Log4j 2. The average cost of a data breach increased to USD4.35 million in 2022an all-time high.2 With todays economic uncertainty and ongoing talent shortages, organizations need comprehensive security that allows them to protect more without expending more. Entity, which is also incorrect may be targeted by Russian actors as well to. Security patches and update affected products and services at the enterprise edge to! 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Who Tehran considers terrorists, who Tehran considers terrorists, who Tehran considers terrorists, who Tehran terrorists Migrating open-source databases to Azure while reducing costs without a printed equivalent that Microsoft Intune is now the new for Trojan: Win32/BatRunGoXml, GoXml.exe ransomware binary ransom: Win32/Eagle! MSR cyberattacks will continue to partner Albania! Argument count only criminal ransom notes include a custom ID was by invoking. For our expanding family of endpoint management plan is another step in providing a solution Turn your ideas into applications faster using the module object contains a getClassLoader ( accessor. The Albanian government high privileged accounts, like service accounts Albanian people latest exploit the. Are encouraged to apply these mitigations to reduce the impact associated with vulnerabilities Mbr with no mechanism for recovery attacks because players often go to great to Suffered outages following ransom DDoS attacks we observed and mitigated throughout the second method was by remotely invoking ransom! Whether they exist in your environment and assess for potential intrusion first appeared on victim systems in Ukraine console Microsoft! Idps Alert & Deny mode and TLS inspection enabled for proactive protection against CVE-2022-22965 exploit before or!
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