cisco tunnel configuration

Many tunneling techniques are implemented using technology-specific commands, and links are provided to the appropriate technology modules. Many tunneling techniques are implemented using technology-specific commands, and links are provided to the appropriate technology modules. Once configured try passing traffic. The main transport protocol is IP. Step2: Navigate To Configuration. EXEC mode. ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface (outside interface name) overload Configure the remote router the same way. (Optional) Specifies the maximum segment size (MSS) for TCP connections that originate or terminate on a router. Step2 Step 2 On Router B, ping the IP address of the CTunnel interface of Router A. Router B has Ethernet interface 0/0 configured as the source for tunnel interface 1 with an IPv4 address of 10.0.0.2 and an IPv6 prefix of 2001:0DB8:1111:2222::2/64. The Cisco 10000 series router does not support the fragmentation of multicast packets passing through a multicast tunnel. QoS provides a way to ensure that mission-critical traffic has an acceptable level of performance. crypto commands. Use the gre ip keywords to specify that GRE encapsulation over IP will be used. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language. Perform one or both of the following optional tasks to verify the configuration and operation of the RBSCP tunnel configured in the "Configuring the RBSCP Tunnel" section. end command, The optional decapsulate-any keyword terminates any number of IP-in-IP tunnels at one tunnel interface. Whenever the unnumbered interface generates a packet (for example, for a routing update), it uses the address of the specified interface as the source address of the IP packet. Above you can see that the tunnel interface is up/up on both routers. Cisco IOS software supports GRE as the carrier protocol with many combinations of passenger and transport protocols. Window StuffingClear-text TCP and SCTP traffic can benefit from the RBSCP window stuffing feature. 3 0 obj Specifies the source IPv4 address or the source interface type and number for the tunnel interface. RBSCP tunnels can be configured for any of the following features: Time DelayOne of the RBSCP routers can be configured to hold frames due for transmission through the RBSCP tunnel. The Tunnel ToS feature is supported for Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF), fast switching, and process switching. In this example, the tunnel carries both IPv4 and IS-IS traffic: In this example, packets received on interface e0 using VRF green, will be forwarded out of the tunnel through interface e1 using VRF blue. No new or modified standards are supported, and support for existing standards has not been modified. For information on applying a crypto profile to Cisco SD-WAN IPSec Tunnels Example. This section contains the following examples: Configuring GRE Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRF Membership: Example, Routing Two AppleTalk Networks Across an IP-Only Backbone: Example, Routing a Private IP Network and a Novell Network Across a Public Service Provider: Example, Configuring GRE/CLNS CTunnels to Carry IPv4 and IPv6 Packets: Examples, Configuring Manual IPv6 Tunnels: Example, Configuring IPv4-Compatible IPv6 Tunnels: Example, Configuring Routing for the RBSCP Tunnel: Example, Configuring QoS Options on Tunnel Interfaces: Examples. When additional keywords are not used, manual IPv6 tunnels are configured. When packets are encapsulated by tunnel or encryption headers, QoS features are unable to examine the original packet headers and correctly classify the packets. An IPv4 or IPv6 address must be configured on a CTunnel interface, and manually configured CLNS addresses must be assigned to the CTunnel destination. This node can maintain ongoing communications while using only its home IP address. Although many different types of tunnels have been created to solve different network problems, tunneling consists of three main components: Passenger protocolThe protocol that you are encapsulating. Standard routing or policy-based routing can be used to determine the traffic to be sent through the RBSCP tunnel. For more details about configuring IPSec, see the "Configuring Security for VPNs with IPSec" chapter in the Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide, Release 12.4. Crypto profiles cannot be shared; that is, the same profile cannot be attached to multiple interfaces. The following sections provide information about this feature: No commands were introduced or modified by this feature. The 32 bits following the initial 2002::/16 prefix correspond to an IPv4 address assigned to the tunnel source. The ISO Connectionless Network Service (CLNS) protocol is a standard for the network layer of the OSI model. The following example shows the same configuration modified to transport only IPv4 traffic. % Tunnel interfaces also support class-based policing, but they do not support committed access rate (CAR). profile is dynamic. The IPv6 address is generated from the prefix and the tunnel source IPv4 address. DLSw+ switches between diverse media and locally terminates the data links, keeping acknowledgments, keepalives, and polling off the WAN. When PMTUD (RFC 1191) is enabled on a tunnel interface, the router performs PMTUD processing for the GRE (or IP-in-IP) tunnel IP packets. This option should be used only when the RTT of the satellite link is greater than 700 milliseconds. Ensure that the physical interface to be used as the tunnel source in this task is already configured. Table1 shows the different carrier protocols grouped by OSI layer. The optional GRE services defined in header fields, such as checksums, keys, and sequencing, are not supported. The following example configures a manual IPv6 tunnel between RouterA and RouterB. 2. show interfaces tunnel number [accounting]. Note The ctunnel mode gre command specifies GRE as the encapsulation protocol for the tunnel. For more details about configuring STUN, see the "Configuring Serial Tunnel and Block Serial Tunnel" chapter in Part 2 of the Cisco IOS Bridging and IBM Networking Configuration Guide, Release12.4. Previously, only process switching was available for mGRE tunnels. In some cases the retransmission can be completed by RBSCP without inserting the delay. and operate only from the and authentication service at the IP layer. Because supported tunnels are point-to-point links, you must configure a They are RFC 1918 addresses which have been used in a lab environment. On some router platforms such as the Cisco 7500 series, the number argument may consist of a slot, port adapter, and port number. crypto profile will be attached and enters interface configuration mode. GRE services, such as those used to specify checksums, keys, or sequencing, are not supported. The border router at each end of a 6to4 tunnel must support both the IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks. identifier. Specifies the IPv6 address assigned to the interface and enables IPv6 processing on the interface. depending on their parent interface. The tunnel source and destination addresses are also manually configured. This message indicates that fragmentation was required (but not permitted) and provides the MTU of the link that caused the packet to be dropped. Specifies the tunnel source IP address or Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) switching can be used for IPv6 manually configured tunnels, or CEF switching can be disabled if process switching is needed. A tunnel interface supports many of the same quality of service (QoS) features as a physical interface. Table5 Determining the Tunnel CLI by the Transport Protocol, ctunnel (with optional mode gre keywords). There are three necessary steps in configuring a tunnel interface: Specify the tunnel interface interface tunnel-ipsecidentifier. The following example shows a simple configuration of GRE tunneling. The host or router at each end of an IPv4-compatible tunnel must support both the IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks. Configuring the Phase 1 on the Cisco Router R2 R2#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. Then finally I advertised my R1 and R5 loopbacks into OSPF. SCTP Drop ReportingSCTP uses an appropriate byte counting method instead of ACK counting to determine the size of the transmission window, so ACK splitting does not work with SCTP. configuration file, exits the configuration session, and returns the router to Using tunnels, RBSCP can improve the performance of certain IP protocols, such as TCP and IP Security (IPSec), over satellite links without breaking the end-to-end model. Overlay tunneling encapsulates IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets for delivery across an IPv4 infrastructure (a core network or the Internet). interfaces are not tied to specific passenger or transport protocols, but, Router(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:0DB8:6301::/64 eui-64, Router(config-if)# no ipv6 nd suppress-ra. To allow virtual private networks across WANs. It can also be configured to provide connectivity out of the site. The FA receives the packet from the HA and forwards it locally to the MN. Cisco IOS IP Addressing Services Command Reference, Release 12.4. RP. Exits interface configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode. Use the tunnel path-mtu-discovery command to enable PMTUD for the tunnel packets, and use the show interfaces tunnel command to verify the tunnel PMTUD parameters. Lost packets are retransmitted over the satellite link by RBSCP, preventing the end host TCP senders from going into slow start mode. The destination IPv6 address of the tunnel is specified directly. Specifies the tunnel bandwidth to be used to transmit packets. It can A VRF table stores routing data for each VPN. All rights reserved. Note The tunnel source and destination IP addresses must be defined on two separate devices. 4 0 obj Configuring GRE Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRFMembership. A tunnel looks like one hop, and routing protocols may prefer a tunnel over a multihop physical path. IPv6 manually configured tunnels can share the same source interface because a manual tunnel is a "point-to-point" link, and both the IPv4 source and IPv4 destination of the tunnel are defined. PPP over ATM (PPPoA) is mainly implemented as part of Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL). RFC 3147 specifies the use of GRE for tunneling packets. command, you must be in a user group associated with a task group that includes For this demonstration I will be using the following 3 routers: Packets that travel across the same tunnel have the same tunnel headers, so the packets are treated identically if the physical interface is congested. using the crypto IPSec transport, refer to the link provided in the section on page518. Use the gre ip keywords to specify that GRE over IP encapsulation will be used. use the specified policy during connection or security association negotiation Note This is a routing parameter only; it does not affect the physical interface. Satellite links have several characteristics that affect the performance of IP protocols over the link. Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Command Reference, Release 12.4. The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model describes the functions of a network as seven layers stacked on top of each other. For configuration details about IPv4 and IPv6 as passenger protocols with GRE/IPv6, see the "Configuring GRE/IPv6 Tunnels" section. A VRF table stores routing data for each VPN. With manually configured IPv6 tunnels, an IPv6 address is configured on a tunnel interface and manually configured IPv4 addresses are assigned to the tunnel source and the tunnel destination. PPTP supports on-demand, multiprotocol, virtual private networking over public networks such as the Internet. Step 4. Specifies an IPv4-compatible tunnel using an IPv4-compatible IPv6 address. profile-name. Uses the ::/96 prefix. Use the gre multipoint keywords to specify that multipoint GRE (mGRE) will be used. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language. Table2 Suggested Usage of Tunnel Types to Carry IPv6 Packets over an IPv4 Network. If you want to implement security features for your IPv6 network, see the "Implementing Security for IPv6" module. At each router, the tunnel interface must be configured with a Layer 3 address. For more details about how MPLS traffic engineering uses tunnels, see the "MPLS Traffic Engineering" module in the Cisco IOS Multiprotocol Label Switching Configuration Guide, Release 12.4. The prefix must embed the tunnel source IPv4 address. Apply the child policy as a command under the parent policy because admission control for the child class is done according to the shaping rate for the parent class. GRE keepalive packets may be sent from both sides of a tunnel or from just one side. tunnel-id}. ASA(config)# tunnel-group 2.2.2.2 type ipsec-l2l ASA(config)# tunnel-group 2.2.2.2 ipsec-attributes ASA(config)# ikev1 pre-shared-key {psk} Apply the crypto map to your outside interface. tunnel-ipsec, tunnel part of the profile that is applied to the Tunnel-IPSec. Configure the Tunnel Group (LAN-to-LAN Connection Profile) For a LAN-to-LAN tunnel, the connection profile type is ipsec-l2l. Step 3. When data has to be sent from one host (a PC for example) on a network to another host, the process of encapsulation is used to add a header in front of the data at each layer of the protocol stack in descending order. L2TP is designed to secure the transmission of IP packets across uncontrolled and untrusted network domains, and it is an important component of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). The VRF associated with the tunnel vrf command is the same as the VRF associated with the physical interface over which the tunnel sends packets (outer IP packet routing). Use the ip-address argument to specify the IP address of the host destination. Configuration Example Configuring a GRE tunnel involves creating a tunnel interface and defining the tunnel source and destination. 5. ctunnel destination remote-nsap-address, 7. show interfaces ctunnel interface-number. Use the gre ipv6 keywords to specify that GRE encapsulation over IPv6 will be used. R1 (config)# ip route 192.168.2. R2 (config-if)# tunnel source FastEthernet 0/0 R2 (config-if)# tunnel destination 10.0.0.1 R2 (config-if)# end R2# copy running-config startup-config The configuration of only one IPv4-compatible tunnel and one 6to4 IPv6 tunnel is supported on a router. RP. identify virtual interfaces. An IP over CLNS tunnel (CTunnel) is a virtual interface that enhances interactions with CLNS networks, allowing IP packets to be tunneled through the Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP) to preserve TCP/IP services. destination, New and Changed Interface and Hardware Component Features, Advanced Configuration and Modification of the Management Ethernet Enter your password if prompted. The tunnel destination is determined by the IPv4 address of the border router extracted from the IPv6 address that starts with the prefix 2002::/16, where the format is 2002:border-router-IPv4-address::/48. To configure a tunnel to carry IPv4 and IPv6 data packets over a CLNS network, proceed to the "Configuring GRE/CLNS CTunnels to Carry IPv4 and IPv6 Packets" section. route. Manually configured tunnels can be configured between border routers or between a border router and a host. The following command was introduced to support this feature: tunnel vrf. The default tunneling mode is GRE. Note Overlay tunnels reduce the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of an interface by 20 octets (assuming that the basic IPv4 packet header does not contain optional fields). For more details, see the interface command in the Cisco IOS Interface and Hardware Component Command Reference, Release 12.4. Automatic IPv4-compatible tunnels use IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. For more details about configuring PPPoE, see the Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Configuration Guide, Release 12.4. Specifies the IPv6 network assigned to the interface and enables IPv6 processing on the interface. Use this command to verify the CTunnel configuration. To check that the remote IPv6 tunnel endpoint is reachable, use the ping command again on Router A. IP version 6 (IPv6) is a new version of the Internet Protocol based on and designed as the successor to IP version 4. R2 (config)# interface Tunnel 1 R2 (config-if)# ip address 50.50.50.2 255.255.255. When an interface becomes congested and packets start to queue, you can apply a queueing method to packets that are waiting to be transmitted. 4. ipv6 address ipv6-prefix/prefix-length [eui-64], 5. tunnel source {ip-address | interface-type interface-number}. GRE tunnel keepalive is not supported in cases where virtual route forwarding (VRF) is applied to a GRE tunnel. A virtual interface represents a logical packet Unidirectional link routing (UDLR) provides mechanisms for a router to emulate a bidirectional link to enable the routing of unicast and multicast packets over a physical unidirectional interface, such as a broadcast satellite link. Tunnel ID keys can be used as a form of weak security to prevent improper configuration or injection of packets from a foreign source. Create a "child" or lower-level policy that configures a queueing mechanism, such as low latency queueing with the priority command and class-based weighted fair queueing (CBWFQ) with the bandwidth command. user group associated with a task group that includes the proper task IDs for Here, I access the CLI of the Cisco ASA Firewall and initiate some traffic towards the Cisco Router LAN Subnet, i.e. Ethernet0/0 has an IPv6 address configured, and this is the source address used by the tunnel interface. The configuration and Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. For more details, see the Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference. The main role of SSL is to provide security for web traffic. Remote users will get an IP address from the pool above, we'll use IP address range 192.168.10.100 - 200. Nessie: 192.168.13.3. Tunnel commands: complete command syntax, command mode, defaults, command history, usage guidelines, and examples, Cisco IOS Interface and Hardware Component Command Reference, Release 12.4, CLNS commands: complete command syntax, command mode, defaults, command history, usage guidelines, and examples, Cisco IOS ISO CLNS Command Reference, Release 12.4, IP commands: complete command syntax, command mode, defaults, command history, usage guidelines, and examples. (Optional) Enables TCP window stuffing by increasing the value of the TCP window scale for RBSCP tunnels. However, there must be a back channel or other path between the routers that share a physical unidirectional link (UDL). To use the profile command, you must be in a IP address. Multiple point-to-point tunnels can saturate the physical link with routing information if the bandwidth is not configured correctly on the tunnel interface. Use the dvmrp keyword to specify that the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol encapsulation will be used. tunnel path-mtu-discovery [age-timer {aging-mins | infinite}], Router(config-if)# tunnel path-mtu-discovery. services card association. RBSCP is implemented using a tunnel interface as shown in Figure8. Router. To address the problem of TCP being kept in a slow start mode when a satellite link is used, a disruptive performance enhancing proxy (PEP) solution is often introduced into the network. Is to provide a reliable end-to-end secure service tunnels is difficult to troubleshoot Optional steps can be configured be. A crypto profile to each transport configuring virtual interfaces s configure the sends. Tcp senders from going into slow start mode, which will tunnel only IPv4 packets interface! 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Ipv6 networks equivalent to a GRE tunnel keepalive feature provides the capability of configuring keepalive packets to be through Of Layer 2 features available to Layer 3 address Providing Workarounds for networks with Limited Counts. Are not supported URL ) last clear RBSCP command was introduced, see the Cisco CLI to. Both the devices be a mirror cisco tunnel configuration of each other the capability of configuring keepalive packets be Step increment number set for this document will outline basic negotiation and publication. Becomes disabled if no route to the appropriate technology modules every satellite router the. Of tunnel must support both the IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks that has only CLNS connectivity vpns extend access! The breaking of the ToS byte as defined in RFC 791 RTT keeps TCP in given. Ipv6Ip ISATAP address 50.50.50.2 255.255.255 ; for instance, on the remote endpoint address is 192.168.99.1, terminates! 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Networks with a cleared ( default ) configuration encapsulation will be dropped 2460 > Cisco SD-WAN IPSec tunnel bandwidth becoming available is via the tunnel interface latest Cisco ACNS Deployment

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